Liquid-fuel burner.



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.LIQUID FUEL BURNER.

APPLIoATIoN FILED MAR. 18,1904.

Y No, 785,271.

Patented March 21, 1905.

PATENT Orrrcn.

WILLIAM F. RICHEY AND THOMAS DALY, OF PARIS, TEXAS; SAID RIGHEY ASSIGNQR TO SAID DALY.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

SPECIFICATION formingv part of Lettersliatent No. 785,271, dated March 21,1905. Application filed March 18, 1,904. Serial No, 198,758.

.Improved LiquidFuel Burner, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to apparatus for burning liquid fuel.

The objects of our invention are toprovide a device for burning' oil and other liquid fuel which shall atomizethe fuel before reaching the burner and elevate the temperature `of the fuel, so as not only to thoroughly mix it with steam, but to actually effect a chemical combination ofthe two, resulting in a highly-inflammable gas which when injected into the furnace atmosphere and lighted burns with a pure white flame entirely without smoke and without a particle of carbon deposit. Air, however, Inay be used instead of steam.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one form of our invention; FigpQ is a plan view of the same with the top part removed. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view of a detail, and Fig. 4 is a perspective view of an attachment hereinafter more particularlydescribed.

In the drawings, l represents a ttingcarrying the pipe for the admission of liquid fuel. 2 is a chambered connection fitted -to`the part l and carrying a steam-admission pipe, and 3 isa union screw-threaded into theconnection 2 and provided with a ground-jointv for permitting the parts to be swung' through a complete circle upon it. 1 is a nut attachment for securing the partsV together and which is intended to be loosened when the parts are to-be separated.

5 is a double-ended coupling connecting the described parts with the mixing-chamber, which is represented by 6. Upon the upper end of the mixing-chamber is secured a cap 7 by means of bolts 7a. This cap is provided with a convex baille-surface 7 b. Between the parts 6 and 7 is secured a bafie-plate 8, provided with projections 8 and slots 8b.

9 is an outlet-pipe from the chamber 6, which pipe is provided with a nozzle 10, having a slot 10,

An opening in the upper part of the nozzle is closed by a screw-threaded plug or cap 10b, which can be manipulated by applying a wrench to the squared upper part. ment of the size of the slot l()u can thus be obtained, so that the area thereof can be made vof greater area than the oil-tube itself or can Abe reduced to any fineness desired. Evidently no-possible trouble from choking can occur,

Adjustand any desired amount of fuel can be deliv-fl i,

ered to the furnace promptly and in proper form. Furthermore, this nozzle-opening is iny most (perhaps all) burners the point that suffers most from frictional wear, and renewals are in mostcases quite frequent and troublesome. This trouble is eliminated altogether :in this nozzle, for a very slight movement of the cap will close the gate, and the wear of the vpoint is immediately taken up. The nozzle is sectional and is always easy of access when in operation. It is adjustable, has unlimited range of work, is simple in construction, and we might say wearproof. Speed, reliability, economy, and simplicity, with a capacj ity of burning any liquid fuel to be had at short notice-all of these qualities we claim for our burner. v

vThe lower part of the cap above the slot is curved, tlius permittingthe stream of mixed steam and oil to turn the easy curve with a tendency to sweep by the slot to the hollow of. the curved bend 10, forming an eddy with Aa tendency to fall back in a shower.

It 'is then caught by the outllowing stream and delivered to the furnace in proper shape for in- The upper part of the Instead of stantaneous ignition. nozzle projects upwardly at 10c.

this nozzle the nozzle 10d, provided with a convex upwardly-extending surface 10e, with crossed slots lOf, as shown in Fig. 4, may be Vattached to the outlet-pipe 9. This attachment 101 is to be used for upward projection in the production of a vertical llame and may have any number of slots, such as those shown, according to the amount of fuel to be consumed.

11 is a steam-pipe attachedto the coupling 5 and extending through the lower wall of the chamber 6 and well up into the chamber beyond the baffle-plate 8.

12 is a fuel-pipe secured in the fitting 1 and passing through the steam-passage about halfway up to the pipe 11. This fuel-pipe 12 is provided at the top with a cap 13, having a valve-seat. The cap 13 is large enough to almost lill the steam or air tube at the point where the oil is first brought into company or contact with steam, thus giving it a sort of nozzle velocity at the critical point and moment. Again, at this very point the fuel is also delivered in a thin circular stream and meets the path of the iniiowing steam at the neutral angle of forty -live degrees. The lower and upper parts 14" and 14h of the valve 14 are coned to the same angle, so that the flow of the two streams-oil and steamwill meet with no appreciable resistance and from now on will travel together more or less crowded, striking the rst bafiie-plate already partly mixed. The oil now reduced to a hot foam from its situation in the presence of live steam suddenly expands into a highly-attenuated oily film having but little more consistency than the steam itself, and from now on the tendency of both fuel and steam is to follow the regular law'of gases and vapor mixtures, each taking full possession of the entire space just as if either were not present, and the pressure in the chamber is not that due to the steam or oil pressure alone; but most likely. it is equal to the sum of both the individual pressures. The result of this is fully demonstrated in the clear transparent flame of dazzling brightness that always accompanies a proper handling of the valves. These propositions are not mere theoretical expectations, but actual facts from practical observations.

The valve 14 has a packing 15 and a handscrew 16.

17 is a drip-cock provided in the Wall of the chamber 2.

By virtue of the construction of this device the oil or other liquid fuel passing up the pipe 12 through the narrow opening formed by the valve 14 and valve-seat in the cap 13 into the steam-pipe 11 will mix there with the steam, and both will strike the baiiie-surface 7b with considerable force. This will cause the mixture to be dispersed and forced backwardly through the slots in the baiiieplate 8, causing further dispersion of the two uids. rlhe mixed and combined fluids will then be forced out through the slots 10a or 102 as the case may be, in the form of a ine spray of high inflammability, and the spray will be burned at this point with the accompanying evolution of great heat.

Although we have spoken of oil and steam throughout, this has been for convenience only, as any iiuid fuel may be used and many other mediums than steam may be advantageously employed. Air preferably under an elevated temperature and pressure would operate in all essential respects in the manner described, and we do not wish to limit our invention to the fluids mentioned.

Havingdescribed our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A liquid-fuel burner comprising a chamber having a tube for admitting steam entering it near one end of the chamber, a liquidfuel inlet within said tube, means for mixing the fluid and fue'l comprising a tortuous passage surrounding said tube,and having an outlet near the end of the chamber at which said tube enters the chamber.

2. A liquid-fuel burner, comprisingachamber having a liquid-fuel inlet, a steam-inlet, and means for intimately mixing the steam and fuel, said last-mentioned means comprising a surface-opposite said fuel-inlet, and an apertured plate within said chamber out of the direct path of the fuel from the inlet to said surface.

3. Aliquid-fuel burner, comprising achamber having a Aliquid-fuel inlet, a steam-inlet, means for regulating the admission of fuel, and means for intimately mixing the steam and fuel, said last-mentioned means comprising a convex surface and a plate having corrugations on one surface and surrounding said inlets.

4. A liquid-fuel burner comprising a chamber having a fluid-inlet, a regulatable liquidfuel inlet within said iiuid-inlet, a bafiie-plate opposite said fluid-inlet at one end of the chamber, and an outlet at the other end of the chamber comprising a nozzle provided with an independently-adjustable slit.

5. A liquid-fuel burner, comprising a chamber having a liquid-fluid inlet, an inlet for vaporizing iiuid, and means for intimately mixing the fluid and fuel, comprising a convex surface closing the end of said chamber opposite said inlets, and a mixing-plate within said chamber; said chamber having an outlet near the end opposite said convex surface, and a pipe leading from said outlet and provided with a nozzle.

6. The combination of a liquid-fuel pipe, a steam-pipe, a connection attached to both of said pipes and having a steam-chamber, a mixing-chamber, connections from said steamchamber to said mixing-chamber, comprising an adjustable nut, a tube extending from said connections into the interior of the mixingchamber, a tube extending from said fuel-pipe into said connections toward said mixingchamber, and a balfle-plate in the mixing-chamber and surrounding said first-mentioned tube.

7 A liquid-fuel burner comprising a chamber having a liquid-fuel inlet, a steam-inlet, and means for intimately mixing the steam IOO IIO

and fuel, comprising a convex surface oppoface, and a pipe leading from said outlet and site said inlets, and a slotted plate Surroundprovided With a nozzle having an adjustable ing said inlets. slot.

8. A liquid-fuel burner comprising a cham- In testimony whereof We have signed our I5 5 ber having a liquid-fuel inlet, a steam-inlet, names to this specilication in thepresence of and means for intimately mixing the steam two subscribing Witnesses.

and fuel, comprising a convex surface closing WILLIAM F. RICHEY.

the end of said chamber opposite said inlets, THOMAS DALY.

and aslotted plate Within said chamber and ad- Witnesses: IO jacent to said inlets, said chamber having an J. S. PATRICK,

outlet near the end opposite said convex sur- 0. H. MOLENAER. 

